Regenerative gas-producing oven.



A. GOHMANN.

nnennnm'nvn GAS PRODUCING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1, 1912 1,039,270, Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

1' snnws-annm 1.

O Y Jlfomegv A. GOHMANN. REGENERATIVE GAS PRODUCING OVEN.

APPLICATION TILED JULY 1,1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

A. GOH MANN. REGENBRATIVE GAS PRODUCING OVEN.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 1, 1912. 13,039,270. Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

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A. GOHMANN.

Y REGENERATIVE GAS PRODUCING OVEN.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 1, 1012.

1,039,270. a n ed Sept. 24, 1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

'I SHEETS-83111 5. i

. M H N.

QWZ 4%7 %x A. GOHMANN. REGENERATIVE GAS PRODUCING OVEN.

APPLIUATTGN THIRD JULY 1, 1912.

1,089,270., ented Sept.24,1912.

7 BHEETBSHEET 7.

illlhiliililall) SZtAiilllil FElBRIK ACTIEN-GESELLSOHAFT VORM.

Barron or GERMANY.

DITDIER, OF SlEI'lIN, GERMANY, A CORTPO- REGENERATIVE GAS-PRODUCING OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 1, 1912.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912. Serial No. 706,858.

To all t JttiI/b i/ may concern lo it known that l', An'rmn: Gommxn, a citizen of the lhupire ol" Germany, and re:-:itlent oi Stet tin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful l mprm'emenls in Regenerative (5;; Producing Ovens, of which the follow *5 is a. specification.

eve in which regeneral'm's are employed 'i'or prol'ieating the air, and has tor its object to ovoretuue out presently.

livegcnoratow are used quite commonly in conru.-elion W h coke ovens, but their application to gas-produeiiug ovens and particularly chamber ovens, such as used in gas works, has not been possilile hitherto in a practical way. The off-gases of a gas-producing" oven are much hotter than those of a coke oven. A regenerative coke oven has reversing valves between the regenerators it! l the heating flues of the oven. If this arrangement is adopted for, say a chamber oven in which the combustion gases always travel in the same direction through the heating tines, the reversing valves will not be at le to stand very long, the high temperature of the oft gases or of the air higl'ily heated by said For this reason rcgenerators have not been used in practice in conjunction with gas-producing ovens, although .regenerators are much more ellicient. and economical in operation than the recnperntors usually employed in connection with gas-producing furnaces.

It has been proposed to combine regenen ators with chamber ovens producing illuminating gas, by operating the ovens with a li tl'lotlil'nl reversal of the combustion gases in the heating fines. In this case, of course reversing; valves are not required in the connection oi the regenerators with the heating tines, but the reversing, valves are placed on the far side of the regenerators, that is to say, on the side opposite to that which is connected with the heating lines. The drawback of this arrangement is that ovens operating; with a periodical reversal of the combustion gases in the heatin tines, do not produce gas so uniformly and efliciently as is requirF-nl tor a good yield of and the production of high-grade coke. Another nvention relates to gas producing,

xi-Lain dillieulties to hepointed l detect of such chamber ovens operating, with a reversal ot' the combustion gases in he heating tlues, is the rapid destruction of certain parts of the oven brieluvorh which are exposed more than others to the. highly heated heating gas.

The object of my iuvel'ititm is to provide a gas-producing oven, and particularly a chamber oven in which the combustion gases always travel in the same direction through the heating lines, in which the objectionable features pointed out above are avoided by causing the off gases, on their way from the heating tlnes to the regenerators, to pass 3 through reciunu'at'ors in which they are .cooled to a temperature which allows suit ,able reversing valves to be used without risking their premature destruction. This arrangement is particularly applicable in v cases in which gas-producing ovens are g heated by means of a heating gas generated at some distance, say in a eentralgas prof dueer, or in a blast furnace, etc. The highly heated otl gases of the gasproducing ovens are brought into beaten-bang e relation (in 1 the recuperators) with the heating gas, the f latter being thus heated to the ignition temperature required for its combustion. I thus secure the double advantage of properly preheating: the heating gas by the oti' gases of the oven, and of cooling such of? gases to a temperature which will permit the pracftieal use oi revel-Aug valves at the point where the hot oil' gases enter the regenerator, or where the highly heated air leaves it. In the accompanying drawings l have illustrated my invention in connection with i a gas-producing oven having inclined chamhers, but this is only an example, and my 3 invention may be applied to other types of ovens as well.

Figure l is a verl ical section taken on line A E of Fig. 3; Fig. 2 is a. vertical section taken mostly on line (I -D ot' l ig. 3, but "partly (at the lower right-hand corner) on line C I) of Fig. 5; Fig. 3 is a vertical. cross section, the left-hand portion of Fig. 3 being taken on line lC- ll of Fig. 1, the con- 5 tral portion on line. tll of Fig. 1, and the ri, 5lrt-lmnd portion on line l--h'. of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a. horizontal section on line .lJ iV of Il ig. 1, with part of the oven broken Pita his

bers 1 (Figs. 1 and 3) separated from each other by heating walls or partitions 2 con-- taming the heating fines At thelr lower ends, all the heating llues of the same heating wall 2 are connected with a vertical distributing channel 4 supplying the heating gas and the. air required for the combustion of said gas. Similarly, the upper ends of all the heating fines 3 of the same heating wall 2 are connected with a vertical, collecting channel 5 through which the oil gases pass out. 4

From the collecting channels 5 the oil gases pass in o the channels 6 of the recuperators T (Fi 1, 2 and 3) arranged beneath he oven chamber, these recuperatorsbeing a Well-known type, with two groups of channels 6 and 8 respectively, separated from each other by heat exchange partitions 9. The oil gases from each channel 5 travel downward through the zigzag or reverting channels 6 and then pass through a vertical channel 10 into a chest 11 the purpose of which will be explained below.

The heating gas obtained from any suitable source, as from a central gas-producer plant (not shown), is conducted from main 12 (Fig. 2) to the lower ends of the recuperator chain'icls 8, through individual branch channels -l3 provided with regulating valves 14.. The main 12 extends along the outer wall of the oven. The heating gas travels upward through the recuperator channels 8 (Fig. 1), that is to say, in the opposite direction to the oil gases flowing through the channels 6, and thus reaches the upper ends of inclined. channels 15 from the lower ends of which it passes through short lateral. channels 18 into the corresponding distributing; channels a The air required to support combustion passes from a chest 16 (l igs. 2 and 3) lo cated adjacent to the chest 11, through branch channels 17 connected with the upper part of said chest 16, thus reaching the lower ends of the distributing channels 4C.

The two chests l1. 16 are disposed between the rcgonciators it 20 arranged transversely beneath the oven chambers 1 and provided with (l1(.(3l\'(l' \\'0ll\' of the well-known character.

At one cud oi the oven, the chests l1, 16'

are connected with angular or L-shapcd channels 21, respectively located side by sillc (Figs. 4 to 7) The channel 521 has two connections leading to the respective rcgen- The air then flows through the branch chan craters; a vertical channel 23 leads upward the channel 22 to the regenerator 19, while a vertical channel 2. leads downward from said channel 22 to a horizontal channel 28 connected with the regenerator 20.

The channels 23, 2 1, 26, 27 (Figs. 6 and 7) are controlled by horizontal shut-oil slides 29, 30, 31, 32 respectively movable :in out wardly extending guideways 33 and adjustable from the outside by means of rods or in any other suitable manner. 1 A vertical channel 3 (Figs. 2 and leads from the regenerator 19 to a smoke flue connected with the chimney. In the channels 84 I provide a shut-oil valve 36" and a regulating or throttle valve 37, both movable in horizontal guideways 38 and I adapted to be operatetl from the optside off the oven. An angular channel 39 is adapted to connect the regenerator 19 with the sur- 3 rounding air, in the open position of the shut'ofi valve l0 mounted to slide in the horizontal guideway 41. In a similar way, a channel 42 (Fi s. i and 8) arranged transversely to the regenerator 20, connects the latterwith an upright channel the lower end of which communicates with the smoke flue The channel 43 is provided with a shutoff valve 44 and with a. regulating valve 45, mounted to slide in horizontal guide M ways 46 open at their outer ends so that rod or other suitable implement may be in-. troduced to shift these valves. An angular chunuel 4C7 allords a connection between the rcgenerator 20 and the surrounding air, said channel being provided with a horizontal shut-oil" slide 48 movable in a guideway' 49.

The operation of the chamber ovendescribed above is as follows: The slides 36,. slO (Fi Q), 44, 48 (Fig. 8), 29, 30 (Fig. 7), and 31, 32 (Fig. 6) being in the position illustrated, the air to support combustion enters the regenerator 19 through the channel 39 (Fig. 2), the checkcrwork of said regenerator having absorbed heat during the preceding stageor period of operation. The air heated during its passage through the rcgcnerator 19. passes through the chan-v nels 26 (Fig 6) and 22 into the chest 16.

ncls 17 (Figs. 2 and 3) andinto the corresnoudin distributing channels 4. The heating gas or fuel is distributed from the main 12 (Fig. 2) to the branch conduits 13, from which it. enters the channels or paths 8 of the respective recuperators 7, in Which it is heated by the action of the oil gases which at the time pass downward through the recuperator channels 6. 'lhe'heated leaving the channels 8 at the top passes into the fines 3. The oil gases pass from the heating fines 3 through the vertical collecting channel 5 (Fig; 2) into the channels 6 of the re spcctive recuperators 7. The olt gases traveling downward in said channels trans-- unit their heat through the partitions 9 (Fig. 3) to the cool heating gas traveling up ward in the channels 8 (Fig. 1), thus heating said gas, as mentioned above. This transfer of heat from the of? gases to the heating gas considerably reduces the temperature of the oil gases. through the recuperator channels 6 (Fig. 2) the oil gases flow through the branch channels 10 (Figs. 2 and 3) into the chest 11. From the latter the oil' gases trztvel through the channel 21 (Fig. 41-), the upright channel 24 (Fig. 7) and the horizontal channel 25 to the regenerator 20, the checkerwork of which absorbs heat from said gases. After their passage through the regenerator 20 the of? reach the smoke line 35 by Wglf] of the horizontal channel. 41 (Fig. 8) and of the upright channel As soon as the checker-work of the regenerator 19 has cooled off suliiciently, the uir'inlet slide .8 (Fig. 8) and the outlet slide 36 (Fig. 2) are opened, and the air-inlet slide h) (Fig. 2) and the outlet slide M (Fig. 8) are closed. Furthermore, the shut-ell" slides 29, 30, 31. 32 (Figs. (3 and 7] controlling the connect on of the chests ll, '16 with the rcgenerators 1E), 30. are reversed, that is to say, the slides 30, 31 are closed end the slides 29, ere opened. With the slides in this new position. air will enter the oven through the inlet channel l"? (l ign- 8) passing; through the regenerstor 9.0 to become heated therein and then to the chest 16, While the off gases travel from the chest 11 through the rcgenerotor 19 to the smoke line 35 (Fig. 8). will he observed that the off gases travel through the clest 11 in the some di rection during both periods of operation, and similarly, notwithstanding the periodical reversal of certain connections, the air always travels in the some direction through the chest 16.

As above described, the of gases during their passage through, the recuperetors 7 (Fig. 2) transfer heat to the heating gas which is cool when it enters the oven; the tennierature of the off gas s is thus considerably reduced. so that they reach the re o'ei'lerators it), 20 in a i'nuterially cooled condition. Owing to this arraneoinent, their .4 no danger oi injury to the controlling or reversing valves 30, 31, (Figs. (5 and 7) by excessive heat ol the'otl gases.

After passing Various modifications may he made withdenartiugg from the nature of lnv invention as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a regenerative oven, heating: tines, regenerators, connections from the regenerators to the inlets and to the outlets oi the heating fines, means for reversing said connections, and a cooling device interposed in.

the connection between the flue outlets and the reversing means.

2. In a regenerative oven, heating flucs, regent-rotors, reversing means for connecting the regenerators alternately with the inlots and with the outlets of the heating, fines, and a cooling device interposed in the path of the of? gases from the flue outlets to the reversing means.

3. In a regenerative oven, heating lines, air-heating regeneratms, reversing means for connecting the regenerators alternately with the inlets and with the outlets of the heating fines, and a reciuierator having a path through which the oil gases travel on their way from the line outlets to the re versing means, and another path through which the fuel travels on its way to the heating tines.

1-. In a regenerative oven, lnmtiu g tines, regencrators, u'ieans for reversing); the con neetion oi? the reu enerators with the heating tines, and a cooling device interposed in the path of the ol'i' gases from the fines to the reversiiur means.

5. In a regenerative oven. lieatiugllues, air-heatiug regenerators, meant for reversing the connection of the reg'cuct'attrs with the heating lines, and a. reeuperator having a path through which the oil gases trove on their way from the heating fines to the reversing means, and another path through which the fuel travels on its Way to the heat-- .ing tines.

6. in e regrenoi .tivc oven, heating tines, air-heating regenerutors, means to? rover"- ing the connection or the regenerators with the heating fines. and a reouperator having a path interposed l'liZlWtlCIl the heating fines; and the regenerators, to cool the oil gases before they reach the rt-igenere tors, and another path through which the fuel travels on its way to the heating fines.

7. In a regremrative oven, heating fines, air-heating regenerators having connections to the inlets of said lines and reversing meuns'in said connections, a recuperator having an oti gas path peruuinentl'y connected with the outlets of the heating fines, connections from the outlet of said path to the regent-rotors and reversun; means in said regenerators, connections for leading the ofli gases from the heatingflues to the regenerators, reversing means interposed in said connections between the heating-flue outlets and the regenerators, and a cooling devlce interposed in the path of the ofigases from the heating fines to the reversing means.

'means, the other path of the recuperntor being connected with the inlets of the heating lines and adapted to convey fuel thereto.

10. In a regenerative oven, heating fiues, air-heating regenerators and means tor connecting them alternately with an air inlet andwith a waste-gas outlet, a chest having nosemo permanent connections with the heating flue inlets and controllable connections with out lets of the regenerators, means for alternately shutting off said controllable connections, a recnperator one path of which communicates permanently with the outlets of the heating fines and the other phth of which communicates permanently with the inlets of said flues and is adapted to convey fuel thereto, another chest in ermanent communication with the outlet or the firstna'med recuperator path, controllable connections from the} outlet of said second chest to inlets of the regenerators, and means for alternately shutting 0E said controllable connections.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two sub scribing witnesses.

ARTHUR GOHMANN.

Witnesses:

GEORGE LILIEQUIST, EMIL SCHMIDT. 

